Verifying Standard Transactions (EOA)
When interacting with a dApp using a standard Externally Owned Account (EOA) via a wallet, you must verify several key components of the transaction request before signing.
1. Verify the Origin
- What to check: The URL of the website initiating the transaction request.
- Why it's critical: A malicious site can perfectly clone a legitimate dApp's interface to trick you into signing a malicious transaction. Always ensure you are on the correct, official domain.
2. Verify the Smart Contract Address
- What to check: The contract address listed under a field like "Interacting With" in your wallet's transaction prompt.
- Why it's critical: This is the actual on-chain address your transaction is being sent to. A malicious dApp will substitute a fraudulent contract address here.
- Verification Methods:
- Official Documentation: The most reliable source. Find the "Contract Addresses" or "Deployments" section in the protocol's official documentation and confirm the address matches.
- Block Explorer (Etherscan, Blockscout, etc.): Paste the address into a block explorer. Look for verification checkmarks, official labels, and a healthy transaction history.
3. Verify the Function and Parameters
- What to check: The function name (e.g.,
depositETH
) and the parameters in the "Data" tab of your wallet. - Why it's critical: This is the exact action you are authorizing the smart contract to perform. A malicious transaction might look legitimate on the surface but contain a harmful function call.
- Verification Methods:
- Cross-reference with Documentation: The protocol's developer documentation will define the function and what each parameter represents.
- Scrutinize Recipient Addresses: For any function that directs assets (e.g.,
onBehalfOf
,recipient
,to
), ensure the address is your own or the intended recipient. - Understand Amounts: Verify token amounts, paying attention to the number of decimals.
4. Sanity-Check the Network Fee (Gas)
- What to check: The estimated gas fee for the transaction.
- Why it's critical: An unusually high gas fee for a simple operation can be a red flag, potentially indicating an inefficient or malicious contract designed to waste user funds.